Copyright © 2008 The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers
Special Section on Robust Speech Processing in Realistic Environments -- Papers -- Noisy Speech Recognition |
Feature Compensation Employing Multiple Environmental Models for Robust In-Vehicle Speech Recognition
1 The authors are with the Center for Robust Speech Systems (CRSS) in Erik Jonsson School of Engineering and Computer Science, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, U.S.A. E-mail: John.Hansen{at}utdallas.edu
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Abstract |
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An effective feature compensation method is developed for reliable speech recognition in real-life in-vehicle environments. The CU-Move corpus, used for evaluation, contains a range of speech and noise signals collected for a number of speakers under actual driving conditions. PCGMM-based feature compensation, considered in this paper, utilizes parallel model combination to generate noise-corrupted speech model by combining clean speech and the noise model. In order to address unknown time-varying background noise, an interpolation method of multiple environmental models is employed. To alleviate computational expenses due to multiple models, an Environment Transition Model is employed, which is motivated from Noise Language Model used in Environmental Sniffing. An environment dependent scheme of mixture sharing technique is proposed and shown to be more effective in reducing the computational complexity. A smaller environmental model set is determined by the environment transition model for mixture sharing. The proposed scheme is evaluated on the connected single digits portion of the CU-Move database using the Aurora2 evaluation toolkit. Experimental results indicate that our feature compensation method is effective for improving speech recognition in real-life in-vehicle conditions. A reduction of 73.10% of the computational requirements was obtained by employing the environment dependent mixture sharing scheme with only a slight change in recognition performance. This demonstrates that the proposed method is effective in maintaining the distinctive characteristics among the different environmental models, even when selecting a large number of Gaussian components for mixture sharing.
Key Words: speech recognition, in-vehicle condition, feature compensation, environment transition model, mixture sharing
Manuscript received July 9, 2007. Manuscript revised September 20, 2007.