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IEICE Transactions on Information and Systems 2008 E91-D(4):1110-1116; doi:10.1093/ietisy/e91-d.4.1110
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Copyright © 2008 The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers

Regular Section -- Papers -- Image Processing and Video Processing

LSB-Based Steganography Using Reflected Gray Code

Chang-Chu CHEN1,2 and Chin-Chen CHANG1,3

1 The authors are with the Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi 62102, Taiwan, R.O.C., 2 The author is with the Department of Management Information System, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung 40601, Taiwan, R.O.C., 3 The author is with the Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science, Feng Chia University, Taichung 40724, Taiwan, R.O.C. E-mail: ccc{at}cs.ccu.edu.tw


  Abstract

Steganography aims to hide secret data into an innocuous cover-medium for transmission and to make the attacker cannot recognize the presence of secret data easily. Even the stego-medium is captured by the eavesdropper, the slight distortion is hard to be detected. The LSB-based data hiding is one of the steganographic methods, used to embed the secret data into the least significant bits of the pixel values in a cover image. In this paper, we propose an LSB-based scheme using reflected-Gray code, which can be applied to determine the embedded bit from secret information. Following the transforming rule, the LSBs of stego-image are not always equal to the secret bits and the experiment shows that the differences are up to almost 50 %. According to the mathematical deduction and experimental results, the proposed scheme has the same image quality and payload as the simple LSB substitution scheme. In fact, our proposed data hiding scheme in the case of G1 (one bit Gray code) system is equivalent to the simple LSB substitution scheme.

Key Words: steganography, LSB, Gray code

Manuscript received June 11, 2007. Manuscript revised October 29, 2007.


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